Cognitive Warfare Strategies

MANILA — The Philippines is closely monitoring a newly discovered Chinese floating structure at Bajo de Masinloc (Scarborough Shoal), fearing it could be a prelude to occupation and eventual militarization of the disputed atoll in the West Philippine Sea (WPS).

MANILA, Philippines — The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) said the country should recognize that it is already in a “political war” with China in the West Philippine Sea (WPS), even if the conflict has not yet escalated into open kinetic hostilities. AFP Chief of Staff Gen. Romeo Brawner, through his acting Deputy Chief of Staff Lt. Gen. Arvin Lagamon, made the remark during a forum on AFP modernization organized by the Stratbase A. Romulo Institute and the Konrad‑Adena

Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) Spokesperson Tarriela asserted that the embassy's statement confirms Xiangyanghong 33 operated without consent near Recto Bank (Reed Bank) within the Philippines' 200-nautical-mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and continental shelf. Citing UNCLOS Article 246, he argued marine scientific research in a coastal state's EEZ requires that state's approval, which China lacks. He called China Coast Guard presence as unlawful and lacking jurisdiction.

Filipino volunteers led by Dadah Kiram Ismula of Akbayan raised a Philippine flag on Pag-asa Cay 2 at approximately 5:40 a.m. The group departed from Pag-asa Island by rubber boat and later held a symbolic jet-ski flag ride referencing a 2016 campaign pledge by Rodrigo Duterte. Philippine participants also maintained that no garbage was left in the area, disputing Chinese claims of environmental damage.

The Armed Forces of the Philippines supported the mission, with spokesperson Roy Vincent Trinidad calling it a “profound testament to the indomitable spirit of the Filipino people” and an amplification of fisherfolk voices.

The defense chief also highlighted that it is China, not the Philippines, that continues to occupy disputed features such as Panganiban Reef (Mischief), which has been transformed into a Chinese‑controlled military‑civil installation in the Kalayaan Island Group (Spratly Islands). Manila’s position is that these features and the surrounding waters fall within the Philippines’ exclusive economic zone and continental shelf, as affirmed by the 2016 tribunal.

Article by Monne Slyvia Published on April 13, 2026 4:30PM Akbayan on April 12, 2016 urged Congress to fast-track the passage of a proposed legislative measure that seeks to institutionalize West Philippine Sea (WPS) education within the Philippine basic education curriculum. The proposal aims to integrate structured instructional content on the country’s maritime entitlements, historical context, and legal foundations, particularly those anchored in international law. The in

Tarriela's social media activity counters China's illegal territorial claims in the West Philippine Sea, prompted diplomatic protests from Beijing. China highlighted its aid, such as vaccines during the pandemic and infrastructure bridges, as gestures of goodwill, while Manila officials called for restraint and respect toward foreign leaders. Beijing pledged firm responses to what they allege as "false narratives," underscoring ongoing West Philippine Sea amid stalled bilater

The collaboration between We Protect Our Seas (WPS) Foundation and Taiwan's Institute for National Defense and Security Research (INDSR), addresses pressing challenges like cognitive warfare, where disinformation targets allies in the Indo-Pacific. By partnering, WPS and INDSR aim to enhance resilience against influence operations and bolster maritime dialogues. The timing aligns with heightened regional focus on South China Sea stability.